What is atropine ophthalmic?
Atropine ophthalmic, also known as atropine sulfate (brand name Isopto® Atropine), is an eye medication used to dilate (enlarge) the pupil. It may be used in ophthalmic examinations to dilate the pupil to allow for a thorough examination of the retina. It can help reduce pain after surgical procedures (e.g., cataract removal) or to help with painful eye conditions that cause the eye muscles to spasm, such as uveitis and corneal ulcers.
There is no approved veterinary brand of atropine ophthalmic. It is used off label (extra label) in all veterinary species of animals.
Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off-label use in veterinary medicine. “Off label” means the drug is being used in a way that has not been reviewed or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Health Canada. In these instances, follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions carefully, as they may be significantly different from those on the label.
How do I give my pet atropine ophthalmic?
- Atropine ophthalmic comes in a 1% drop, solution, or ointment form, and is placed directly into the eye.
- Follow your veterinarian’s directions and administer the exact amount they prescribe.
- Do not allow the dropper to touch any part of your pet’s eye.
- If any residue is left on your animal’s face after giving the eye drops, gently wipe it off with a damp cloth or tissue.
- If you are giving more than one eye medication to your animal, wait 5 minutes between each medication.
- If you are having difficulty applying the medication or your animal does not accept the treatment, ask your veterinarian or pharmacist for tips to help with administration to reduce the stress of medication.
This medication should start having effects within 15 to 30 minutes and pupil dilation or improvement in clinical signs should follow.
What if I miss giving my pet the medication?
It is imperative to strictly follow your veterinarian’s dosing schedule for this drug for treatment to be effective. If you miss a dose, contact your veterinarian before giving another dose. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not give the pet two doses at once.
Are there any potential side effects?
Atropine ophthalmic may cause the following side effects:
- Sensitivity to bright light
- Blurred vision, especially with ointment forms
- Irritation
- Decreased tear production (temporary)
- Excessive salivation or vomiting, especially in cats
- Decreased gastrointestinal motility (movement), especially in horses
- Elevated heart rate
Serious adverse reactions may occur. If any of the following signs develop, stop giving atropine ophthalmic and contact your veterinarian immediately:
- Rash, itching, swelling (especially of the face, tongue, throat)
- Severe dizziness
- Trouble breathing
- Fast or irregular heartbeat
- Constipation or signs of colic in horses
Drug sensitivities can develop over time, with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of the treatment.
Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately. This medication is long acting and effects can last 24 hours to 7 days or longer.
Are there any risk factors for this medication?
DO NOT USE atropine ophthalmic in:
- Animals that are allergic to it or drugs like it (e.g., scopolamine)
- Animals with primary glaucoma
USE WITH CAUTION in:
- Horses with colic or that are prone to colic
- Animals that are pregnant or nursing
Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) may accelerate dilation of the pupil when used with atropine ophthalmic. Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, or herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any new treatment.
Is any monitoring needed with this medication?
- Your veterinarian will let you know when and how they want to reassess your pet to ensure the medication is working and not causing side effects.
- At home, monitor for any side effects such as those noted above. If any occur, stop using the medication and contact your veterinarian.
How do I store atropine ophthalmic?
- Ensure atropine ophthalmic is stored in a tightly closed container at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).
- Keep the container out of reach of children and pets.
- Ask your veterinarian for specific disposal instructions. Do not flush medications down the sink or toilet unless instructed to do so.
What should I do in case of emergency?
If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility. Be prepared to provide information about the product and your pet’s weight and symptoms.
