Chlorhexidine Topical

What is chlorhexidine topical?

Chlorhexidine topical (brand names Chlorhex®, Nolvasan®, ChlorhexiDerm®) is an antiseptic used to treat surface bacterial and fungal skin infections in cats and dogs. This medication may be part of a combination product that includes other medications, such as ketoconazole, Triz EDTA, or a steroid. This medication is available over the counter (OTC) but should only be used under the direction of a veterinarian.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not review veterinary health products (e.g., shampoos, cleansers, topical products) for safety or effectiveness before they are sold to the public. Manufacturers of veterinary health products must ensure their products are safe and labeled accurately. The FDA requires that these products contain a disclaimer that says, “This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.” Health Canada licenses “veterinary health products” after reviewing safety, efficacy, and manufacturing information provided by the manufacturer. These products are not tested by Health Canada. 

Your veterinarian is the best source of information about the safety of veterinary health products in pets. These products can also have side effects, like pharmaceuticals. Although the information in this handout may be helpful, it also may be incomplete and may not represent the full range of effects this product could have on your pet. Follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions carefully and report any concerns to them.

How do I give my pet chlorhexidine topical?

• Chlorhexidine topical comes in shampoo, liquid, ointment, or wipe form.
• Shampoos, liquids (sprays or droppers), ointments, and wipes are applied topically, directly onto the skin.
• Follow your veterinarian’s directions for the specific product prescribed for your pet.
• Wash your hands after applying it or wear gloves when applying this medication.
• Avoid contact with eyes.
• Do not let any animal lick or chew affected sites for at least 30 minutes after application.
• Give this medication to your pet for the entire time prescribed by your veterinarian, even if it appears that your pet is feeling better.

This topical treatment should start working quickly.

What if I miss giving my pet the medication?

If you miss a dose, give it as soon as you remember, and then continue with the regular dosing schedule. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not give the pet two doses at once or give extra doses.

Are there any potential side effects?

Chlorhexidine topical may cause the following side effects:

• Irritation or reddening of skin at application site
• Corneal ulcers if the product contacts the eye
• Impaired wound healing if used on wounds

The following reactions are rare; if they occur, contact your veterinarian immediately:

• An allergic reaction such as irregular breathing, rash, fever, puffiness and swelling around the face

Drug sensitivities can develop over time with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of treatment and notify your veterinarian if you have any concerns. Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Are there any risk factors for this medication?

DO NOT USE chlorhexidine topical in:

• Animals that are allergic to any component

USE WITH CAUTION in:

• Animals receiving this medication long term
• Animals receiving this medication as part of a combination product containing a steroid

Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?

There are no documented drug interactions for chlorhexidine topical as a sole agent. Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, or herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any new treatment.

Is any monitoring needed with this medication?

• Your veterinarian will let you know when and how they want to reassess your pet to ensure the medication is working and not causing side effects.
• At home, monitor for any side effects such as those noted above. If any occur, stop using the medication and contact your veterinarian.

How do I store chlorhexidine topical?

• Store the medication in its original container, at room temperature.
• Protect from heat, light, and moisture.
• Do not freeze.
• Keep medication out of reach of children and pets.

What should I do in case of emergency?

If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility. Be prepared to provide information about the product and your pet's weight and symptoms.