Docusate

What is docusate?

Docusate (Docusate Sodium Bloat Preparation, DSS, Dioctynate®, Pet-Enema®, Enema SA®, Docu-Soft®, Anti Gaz, Bloat Eze, Bloat Go, Bloat Release, Bloat Treatment, Bloat-Lax) is a laxative medication used to soften dry or hard stools and assist with constipation and bloating in animals. Dioctynate® is labelled for use in the ears of dogs and cats to aid in the removal of ear wax.

Docusate is prescribed by veterinarians for use in dogs, cats, horses, cattle, goats, sheep, and rabbits. Various forms of docusate are available over-the-counter (OTC), especially for livestock and horses. Docusate is not recommended for use in reptiles due to the potential for fatalities in these species.

There are several human formulations that may be prescribed off-label (extra label) for use in animals. Docusate formulations for humans are available as over-the-counter medications. Do not use these without consultation from your veterinarian.

Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off-label use in veterinary medicine. “Off label” means the drug is being used in a way that has not been reviewed or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Health Canada. In these instances, follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions carefully, as they may be significantly different from those on the label.

How do I give my pet docusate?

• Docusate comes as oral tablets, capsules, soft gels, and liquid suspension or syrup for oral use.
• Docusate also comes in liquid formulations for rectal use as an enema.
• Liquid docusate can be used to treat ear infections.
• Measure liquid forms of this medication carefully.
• Oral formulations are given by mouth (orally), on an empty stomach, 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
• This medication tastes bitter. if you have difficulty getting your animal to take the medicine, contact your veterinarian or pharmacist for tips.
• If vomiting occurs when dosed on an empty stomach, give future doses with food or a treat.
• Suspensions for horses, cattle, or ruminants may be given through a tube from the mouth or nostril directly into the stomach.
• Docusate for ear infections is given by dropping the solution on or into the outer ear canal.
• Do not change the dosage form without consulting your veterinarian, as the strength of each product varies, and the doses may not be the same.

This medication should take effect within 1 to 2 days, and improvement in clinical signs should follow.

What if I miss giving my pet the medication?

If you miss a dose, give it as soon as you remember, and then continue with the regular dosing schedule. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not give the pet two doses at once or give extra doses.

Are there any potential side effects from docusate?

Docusate may cause the following side effects:

• Abdominal cramping, loose stools, diarrhea
• Irritation of the mouth or throat from oral liquid preparations
• Irritation around the rectum

Drug sensitivities can develop over time with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of treatment and notify your veterinarian if you have any concerns. 

Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately. This short-acting medication should stop working within 24 hours, although effects may be longer in pets with liver or kidney disease.

Are there any risk factors for this medication?

DO NOT USE in:

• Pets that are allergic to it or that have had poor reactions to it previously
• Pets with a blockage in their intestines

USE WITH CAUTION in:

• Pets that are also receiving mineral oil
• Pets that are dehydrated
• Pets with blood electrolyte imbalances

Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?

Several medications should be used with caution when given with docusate, including:

• Mineral oil
• Tetracyclines 

Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, and herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any treatment.

Is any monitoring needed with this medication?

• Your veterinarian will let you know when they want to reassess your pet to ensure the medication is working and not causing side effects.
• At home, monitor for any side effects such as those noted above. If any side effects occur, discontinue use of the medication and contact your veterinarian.

How do I store docusate?

• Store according to the label instructions on the product. You will store docusate differently depending on its format.
• Most forms of docusate should be stored in a childproof container.
• Most forms should be stored in a cool, dry place, at room temperature, away from heat and direct sunlight.
• Keep all medication out of reach of children and pets.
• Cooler temperatures may cause the product to become cloudy. Place in warm water or bring to room temperature.

What should I do in case of emergency?

If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility. Be prepared to provide information about the product and your pet's weight and symptoms.