Pregabalin

What is pregabalin?

Pregabalin (brand name Lyrica®), is an anticonvulsant and neuropathic pain medication. It is used to treat refractory or complex partial seizures and chronic neuropathic (nerve) pain in small animals. It has been used to treat other types of pain, including cancer pain, in cats and dogs. Pregabalin is a controlled drug in some jurisdictions.

It is used off label (extra label) in animals. Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off-label use in veterinary medicine. “Off label” means the drug is being used in a way that has not been reviewed or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Health Canada. In these instances, follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions carefully, as they may be significantly different from those on the label.

Pregabalin (brand name Liavium-CA1) is conditionally approved by the FDA to manage pain and clinical signs associated with Chiari-like malformation and syringomyelia in dogs.

How do I give my pet pregabalin?

• Pregabalin comes in capsule, chewable tablet, and liquid suspension forms.  
• Capsules, tablets, and liquid suspensions are given orally (by mouth).
• Give this medication with food or on an empty stomach. 
• Do not stop this medication suddenly.
• Give this medication to your pet for the entire time prescribed by your veterinarian, even if it appears that your pet is feeling better.

This medication will take effect quickly, in about 1 to 2 hours. This medication is short-acting, meaning that effects should stop after 24 hours but may be prolonged in pets with kidney and/or liver disease.

What if I miss giving my pet the medication?

If you miss a dose, wait and give the next dose at the regularly scheduled time. Do not give the pet two doses at once.

Are there any potential side effects from pregabalin?

Pregabalin may cause the following side effects:

• Decreased energy
• Tiredness, sleepiness
• Loss of coordination
• Weakness

The following reactions are rare, but if they occur, contact your veterinarian immediately:

• An allergic reaction such as irregular breathing, rash, fever, puffiness and swelling around the face

Drug sensitivities can develop over time with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of treatment. Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately. 

Are there any risk factors for this medication?

DO NOT USE pregabalin in: 

• Pets that are pregnant, nursing, or used for breeding

USE WITH CAUTION in: 

• Pets with kidney disease,
• Pets with heart failure 
• Pets with respiratory problems

Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?

Certain medications should be USED WITH CAUTION when given with pregabalin, including: 

• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
• Benzodiazepines
• Central nervous system (CNS) depressants (e.g., phenobarbital)
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Opioids

Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, or herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any new treatment.

Is any monitoring needed with this medication?

• Your veterinarian may prescribe two different medications, and a drug interaction may be anticipated. In this case, your veterinarian may vary the dose and monitor your pet more closely.
• Your veterinarian may schedule follow-up visits for monitoring. In this case, follow your veterinarian’s directions.
• At home, monitor for any side effects such as those noted above. If any occur, stop using the medication and contact your veterinarian. 

How do I store pregabalin?

• Store medication at room temperature. 
• Keep capsules away from moisture.
• Keep medication out of reach of children and pets.

What should I do in case of emergency?

If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility. Be prepared to provide information about the product and your pet's weight and symptoms.