Shih Tzu

Breed Overview

Shih Tzus are small companion dogs known for their affectionate nature, long coat, and a strong preference for close human interaction. These dogs are friendly, social, and generally easygoing, making them well suited to indoor life. They prefer regular interaction and often seek close contact with their owners.

Appearance

Shih Tzus have a compact body and a coat that contributes to their distinctive look.

• A long, flowing coat requires regular grooming to prevent tangles.
• Their short muzzle and broad face create a distinctive look but can impair breathing.
• They have short sturdy legs, but their long back can predispose them to injury.
• Large and prominent eyes give them an expressive look but increase the risk of eye issues.

Temperament and Training

This breed is affectionate and people-focused but still benefits from consistency.

• Shih Tzus are typically friendly and enjoy spending time with their families.
• Many prefer close companionship and regular interaction.
• Some may be stubborn or resistant without consistent training.
• Gentle, positive reinforcement helps build stable behavior. 

Exercise Needs

Shih Tzus need moderate daily activity, but care must be taken to avoid  intense exercise. Their facial structure means they can overheat or struggle to breathe in hot or humid environments. They are not good swimmers and require close supervision around water. Short walks and indoor play are usually sufficient.

Grooming and Coat Care

Coat care is a major part of maintaining this breed.

• Daily brushing helps prevent matting and keeps the coat manageable.
• Regular bathing is needed to maintain coat and skin condition.
• The eye area should be cleaned to reduce irritation and discharge.
• Routine dental care, ear cleaning, and nail trimming are essential.

Ideal Home Environment

Shih Tzus do best in homes that provide consistent companionship and gentle handling.

• Activity Level: Low to moderate with daily interaction
• Living Space: Well suited for apartments or smaller homes
• Time Alone: Limited tolerance; prefers companionship
• Experience Level: Suitable for most owners
• Children: Best with gentle, respectful handling
• Other Pets: Typically social and adaptable
• Climate Needs: Sensitive to heat and humidity

Health Considerations for Shih Tzus

Shih Tzus are strongly affected by their short muzzle, which can limit airflow and increase sensitivity to heat. Their large, exposed eyes are prone to irritation and injury, while their coat requires consistent grooming to prevent skin issues. Monitoring breathing, eye health, and weight is especially important for long-term care.

Disclaimer: This handout does not provide a comprehensive list of all health, genetic, developmental, or behavioral conditions that may affect this breed. Individual dogs may vary.