Lactated Ringer’s Solution

What is lactated Ringer’s solution?

Lactated Ringer’s solution (also known as LRS or Ringer’s Lactate) is a fluid and electrolyte (salt) replacement solution used to correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances in cats, dogs, birds, pocket pets (small mammals), and other animals.

Its use may be off label (extra label) depending on the condition being treated and jurisdiction. Many drugs are commonly prescribed for off-label use in veterinary medicine. “Off label” means the drug is being used in a way that has not been reviewed or approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or Health Canada. 

In these instances, follow your veterinarian’s directions and cautions very carefully, as they may be significantly different from those on the label.

How do I give my pet lactated Ringer’s solution?

• Lactated Ringer’s solution comes in a liquid solution form and is given via injection.
• Injections may be given subcutaneously (under the skin) or intravenously (into the vein).
• For at-home administration, your veterinarian will demonstrate how to give the lactated Ringer’s solution subcutaneously.
• Follow your veterinarian’s directions on dosage, how to give injections, and proper disposal of sharps.
• Give this medication to your pet for the entire time prescribed by your veterinarian, even if it appears that your pet is feeling better.

This medication should take effect within 1 to 2 hours, but its effects may not be noticeable immediately.

What if I miss giving my pet the medication?

If you miss a dose, give it as soon as you remember, and then continue with the regular dosing schedule. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not give the pet two doses at once.

Are there any potential side effects?

Lactated Ringer’s solution may cause the following side effects:

• Stinging or mild pain at injection site
• Fluid build-up or retention

Serious adverse reactions may occur. If any of the following signs develop, stop giving lactated Ringer’s solution and contact your veterinarian immediately:

• An allergic reaction such as irregular breathing, rash, fever, puffiness and swelling around the face
• Coughing
• Difficulty breathing
• Fluid build-up that will not disappear

Drug sensitivities can develop over time with repeated exposure. Your pet may have no reaction after the first few doses but may develop a sensitivity later. It is important to watch for signs of an allergic reaction over the entire course of treatment and notify your veterinarian if you have any concerns. Other side effects may occur. If you notice anything unusual, contact your veterinarian immediately. This short-acting medication should stop working within 24 hours, though effects may be prolonged in pets with kidney or liver disease.

Are there any risk factors for this medication?

DO NOT USE lactated Ringer’s solution in:

• Animals that are allergic to any of the components
• Animals with heart failure
• Animals with severe kidney disease
• Animals with conditions that may worsen with administration of salts in the solution 

USE WITH CAUTION in:

• Animals with severe liver conditions
• Animals with fluid retention
• Animals with high blood potassium levels
• Animals with low blood acid levels

Are there any drug interactions I should be aware of?

Several medications should be USED WITH CAUTION when given with lactated Ringer’s solution, including:

• Benazepril, digoxin
• Diuretics (e.g., spironolactone)

Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications (including vitamins, supplements, or herbal therapies) that your pet is taking before starting any new treatment.

Is any monitoring needed with this medication?

• Your veterinarian will let you know when and how they want to reassess your pet to ensure the medication is working and not causing side effects.
• At home, monitor for any side effects such as those noted above. If any occur, stop using the medication and contact your veterinarian. 

How do I store lactated Ringer’s solution?

• Store at room temperature, protected from light.
• Discard opened product after 5 to 7 days.
• Keep medication out of reach of children and pets.

What should I do in case of emergency?

If you suspect an overdose or an adverse reaction to the medication, call your veterinary office immediately. If they are not available, follow their directions in contacting an emergency facility. Be prepared to provide information about the product and your pet's weight and symptoms. Report any adverse effects to the FDA or Health Canada.